HIV Incidence by Male Circumcision Status From the Population-Based HIV Impact Assessment Surveys-Eight Sub-Saharan African Countries, 2015-2017

Background: Male circumcision (MC) offers men lifelong partial protection from heterosexually acquired HIV infection. The impact of MC on HIV incidence has not been quantified in nationally representative samples. Data …

D-enantiomeric peptides could be a new therapeutic approach in Alzheimer's disease

Exploring geographic distributions of high-risk water, sanitation, and hygiene practices and their association with child diarrhea in Uganda

Background: High-risk water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices are still prevalent in most low-income countries. Because of limited access to WASH, children may be put at an increased risk of …

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) for child health: Evidence from large household surveys in Indonesia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Background: Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are essential components of basic human necessities. The overall purpose of this dissertation was to inform where and how future WASH interventions could be …

Molecular epidemiology of rabies virus isolates in Uganda

African field rabies virus isolates from domestic animals can be phylogenetically divided into three geographic lineages: Africa 1a (North and West Africa); Africa 1b (East and South Africa); Africa 2 …

Prevalence and risk factors for third- and fourth-degree perineal lacerations during vaginal delivery: a multi-country study

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of third- and fourth-degree perineal lacerations in 24, mainly developing, countries.Design Analysis using cross-sectional data from the WHO Global Survey on Maternal …

Potential solutions for screening, triage, and severity scoring of suspected COVID-19 positive patients in low-resource settings: A scoping review

Disentangling the contributions of maternal and fetal factors to estimate stillbirth risks for intrapartum adverse events in Tanzania and Uganda

Objective To estimate the stillbirth risk associated with intrapartum adverse events, controlling for fetal and maternal factors. Methods The present study was an analysis of cross-sectional patient-record and facility-file data …

Postneonatal under-5 mortality in peri-urban and rural Eastern Uganda, 2005-2015

Introduction Community and individual sociodemographic characteristics play an important role in child survival. However, a question remains how urbanisation and demographic changes in sub-Saharan Africa affect community-level determinants for child …

Expansion and productive HIV-1 infection of Foxp3 positive CD4 T cells at pleural sites of HIV/TB co-infection

BACKGROUND: CD4 T-cells expressing Foxp3 are expanded systemically during active tuberculosis (TB) regardless of HIV-1 co-infection. Foxp3(+) CD4 T cells are targets of HIV-1 infection. However, expansion of HIV-1 infected …