Biomarker Testing to Estimate Under-Reported Heavy Alcohol Consumption by Persons with HIV Initiating ART in Uganda

Alcohol affects the transmission and treatment of HIV, yet may be under-reported in resource-limited settings We compared self-reported alcohol consumption with levels of plasma carbohydrate-deficient transferin (%CDT), a biomarker of …

Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) as a Biomarker of Alcohol Consumption in HIV-Positive Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa

Background: Alcohol is heavily consumed in sub-Saharan Africa and affects HIV transmission and treatment and is difficult to measure. Our goal was to examine the test characteristics of a direct …

Self-report of alcohol use increases when specimens for alcohol biomarkers are collected in persons with HIV in Uganda

Decreases in self-reported alcohol consumption following HIV counseling and testing at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

Background: Alcohol use has a detrimental impact on the HIV epidemic, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV counseling and testing (HCT) may provide a contact opportunity to intervene with hazardous alcohol …

Declining and rebounding unhealthy alcohol consumption during the first year of HIV care in rural Uganda, using phosphatidylethanol to augment self-report

AimsWe examined whether unhealthy alcohol consumption, which negatively impacts HIV outcomes, changes after HIV care entry overall and by several factors. We also compared using phosphatidylethanol (PEth, an alcohol biomarker) …

Alcohol Use and HIV Disease Progression in an Antiretroviral Naive Cohort

Background: Alcohol use has been shown to accelerate disease progression in experimental studies of simian immunodeficiency virus in macaques, but the results in observational studies of HIV have been conflicting.Methods: …

Operative management in liver trauma

Aim: In accordance to the American Association for Surgery Trauma (AAST) grades of liver Injuries selection of an appropriate surgical technique to control hemorrhage, minimize postoperative Complications and mortality.Study design: …

Lockdown measures in response to COVID-19 in nine sub-Saharan African countries

Lockdown measures have been introduced worldwide to contain the transmission of COVID-19. However, the term 'lockdown' is not well-defined. Indeed, WHO's reference to 'so-called lockdown measures' indicates the absence of …

Symptom attributions across the menstrual cycle in women with panic disorder

Women with panic disorder are likely to experience greater menstrual-specific symptoms (e.g., headaches, cramps) as well as more panic/anxiety-related symptoms (e.g., dizziness, faintness, chest pain, heart pounding), and may be …

Socio-demographic and behavioral factors associated with HIV testing and HIV seropositivity among women and children in sub-Saharan Africa: A population-based multilevel analysis

Introduction: In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV/AIDS is one of the leading causes of mortality that disproportionately affects women and children. In this sub-region, 57% of those living with HIV are women …